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  • 专利说明
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    • 专利摘要:
    The current presentation shows you a biodegradable and compostable multilayer film. The biodegradable and compostable multilayer film consists of a product-side sealing layer consisting of at least one lubricant and having a predetermined coefficient of friction, an outer (surface) layer and at least one middle layer interposed between the product side sealing layer and the outer surface (s) -) Layer is arranged. The biodegradable and compostable multilayer film of the present publication has good mechanical properties and does not react with tobacco products, medicines and foods to be packaged.
    公开号:CH712508A2
    申请号:CH00657/17
    申请日:2017-05-19
    公开日:2017-11-30
    发明作者:Rasiklal Dhariwal Prakash；Ganesh Bhole Milind；Shrikant Kulkarni Sharad
    申请人:Creative Plastics；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    description
    AREA
    The present disclosure relates in particular to polymer films which are biodegradable and compostable and which are useful in the packaging of tobacco products and for use in the pharmaceutical and food industries.
    TERMS
    The following terms used in the present specification are generally intended to have the meaning described below. Except in the context of the context in which they are used as otherwise stated.
    Sealing layer on product side (inside):
    In the context of the multilayer film of the present disclosure, this layer is defined as the layer which is in direct contact with the product or any material which is packaged using the multilayer film of the present publication.
    Coefficient of friction = C.O.F):
    Is defined as frictional force between the film surface and a metallic surface as the film moves on a metal surface or between the surface from layer to layer of a multilayer film as the film slides over another film surface and vice versa. The coefficient of friction is also a measure of the surface roughness of a film.
    Adhesion between the layers and / or bond strength:
    The adhesion or bond strength is designed in such a way that the bond is indestructible and that the layers can not be separated under operating conditions.
    Lubricant:
    Lubricants are agents that are added to the polymers to reduce surface friction and allow for easy surface movement.
    Biodegradability:
    Biodegradability refers to the ability of the material to fully decompose and disassemble into naturally occurring elements in a biological manner. These materials can be solids that transform into solids or liquids that biodegrade in water. A biodegradable plastic is intended to break down in the presence of microorganisms.
    Compostability:
    Compostability refers to the ability of the material to break down into a nutrient rich material (humus) in a short time when the environmental conditions of composting are available.
    High purity polymer films for the pharmaceutical and food industries:
    High purity polymer films for the pharmaceutical and food industries are made from especially unadulterated and pure polymers to ensure that the packaged products are not contaminated with unreacted monomeric materials, chemical additives or other impurities present in normal polymer films. which are used for other purposes. Especially where the polymer (s) are processed in a continuous closed loop system, the cut remnants are recycled during processing on the conveyor belt and reused within that system with a continuous closed loop without any contamination to the produced multilayer film including yet converted ingredients (monomers), chemical additives and other impurities.
    Critical factors such as the strict limits on the proportion of unreacted monomer (s), the amount of chemical additives and their rate of migration from the polymer films to the packaged products, the particular requirements for the polymeric films in contact with pharmaceutical products and Foodstuffs, their compliance with these values gives their approval by the relevant regulatory authorities for use in the packaging of pharmaceutical products.
    Polymer films:
    A polymer film is a thin continuous polymer membrane having a thickness of 300 μm and less.
    Polymer membrane:
    A polymer membrane is a thin, continuous polymer membrane of greater than 300 μm thickness.
    Multilayer film:
    In the present publication, the biodegradable and compostable multilayer film is also abbreviated as multilayer film.
    Metallized layer:
    In the context of the present application, it is defined as a layer which is either coated or which may be a ready-to-use layer which is laminated over the top of the layer of biodegradable and compostable multilayer film.
    Grammage:
    Denotes the weight of the multilayer film per unit area of the film. Expressed in grams per square meter (gsm) and / or gsm.
    Fleisssiegelstärke:
    Used to determine the force necessary to break the seal between the sealed surface of a multilayer film, as well as evaluating the opening force for the packaging system provided by the multilayer film.
    Treatment:
    In the context of the present disclosure, the corona treatment and plasma treatment is used depending on the process parameters and / or functional requirements of the multilayer film to achieve the desired surface treatment value, indicated in the Dynes measuring unit for the multilayer film.
    Melt viscosity:
    In the context of the present disclosure, the melt viscosity is a measure of the viscosity of the polymer melted mass achieved by the extrusion process and expressed in units of poise.
    Melt strength:
    Melt strength is a measure of the extensional viscosity of the polymer melt and is defined as the maximum stress that can be applied to the polymer melt without breaking it.
    Stacked form for post-extrusion combining (co-extrusion):
    The stacked form, also known as a pan shape, is a disc-like shape that is directly connected to an extruder and the disc has a multiple preparatory net of channels flowing through the polymer melt. The number of plies required in the multilayer film determines the number of such disks used and they are isolated from each other to maintain a precise, different melting temperature. The residence time is reduced to half in these forms. And because the construction is constructed in such a way that these disks are arranged one above the other, this form is referred to as stacked on top of each other.
    BACKGROUND
    Biodegradable polymer films are slowly catching up as a promising replacement of conventional non-biodegradable polymers. They are very rapidly degradable in the soil and in the water without producing any harmful waste.
    However, it has been found that the biodegradable polymers have a defect in mechanical properties. Likewise, because of its low melt strength, it is very difficult to carry out melt processing of the biodegradable polymer resins.
    However, there are few biodegradable resins such as polylactic acid, modified starches and polyhydroxyalkanoates present that have been successfully processed in films by the corresponding processing of these polymers. Nevertheless, such films have not been used particularly in the packaging of tobacco products and have been seldom used in the pharmaceutical and food industries because it has been found that these films are completely incompatible with and not resistant to ingredients in medicines, acidic foods and tobacco products. Likewise, these films are unable to meet the challenges of some of the processing methods, such as coextrusion and lamination. This also applies to the packaging methods of high speed and ultrahigh speed Form / Fill / Seal (FFS) packaging machines, which have various sealing mechanisms and systems with the requirement of a suitable / desired functional sealability due to contamination arising from the production - or packaging process. There are other resins, which nevertheless have a better inertia and mechanical properties, but which do not show the property of compositability.
    Therefore, there is a feeling that there is a need for a film that is biodegradable and compostable at the same time yet has excellent mechanical properties (such as high dimensional stability and high melt strength during processing and packaging operations and compatibility with Products with sharp outlines and corners), excellent surface properties (as a result, clarity, printability and adequate surface tension and slip factor), high tear strength, inertia, and high compatibility with corrosive ingredients and demonstrates the ability of them in tobacco products, the pharmaceutical and Food industry can be used.
    AIMS
    Some of the objects of the present publication, with at least one embodiment within this text, are as follows.
    It is an object of the present publication to overcome one or more problems of the aforementioned kind or at least to provide a useful alternative.
    Another object of the present invention is to provide a biodegradable and compostable multilayer film which is suitable for packaging and which does not react with the packaged ingredients.
    In addition, it is a further object of the present invention to provide a biodegradable and compostable multilayer film useful for packaging tobacco products, pharmaceuticals and foods.
    Another object of the present invention is to provide a process for providing a biodegradable and compostable multilayer film.
    Other objects and advantages of the current publication will become more apparent from the following description, which, however, is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
    SUMMARY
    The present disclosure provides a biodegradable and compostable multilayer film. The biodegradable and compostable multilayer film of the present disclosure consists of a product-side (inner) sealant layer containing at least one lubricant additive and having a predefined friction coefficient, an outer (surface) layer and at least one intermediate layer interposed between the product-side sealant layer and the outer layer is arranged. Each of the layers "product side," "outer (surface) layer, and intermediate layer may be composed of at least one mixture selected independently from a group of a first mixture of polylactic acid and polyester mixture (hereinafter also referred to as copolyester) 1,4 butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, a second mixture of polylactic acid and polyester mixture of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, a third mixture of polylactic acid and polyester mixture of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, a fourth mixture of polylactic acid and polyester mixture from 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, a fifth mixture of polylactic acid and polyester mixture of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid and a sixth mixture of polylactic acid and polyester mixture of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid wherein the first mixture is a e melting temperature in the range of 165 ° C to 190 ° C; the second mixture has a melting temperature of 190 ° C to 200 ° C; the third orifice has a melting temperature of 165 ° C to 170 ° C; the fourth mixture has a melting temperature of 180 ° C to 190 ° C; the fifth mixture has a melting temperature of 175 ° C to 195 ° C; and the sixth mixture has a melting temperature of 180 ° C to 200 ° C. These mixtures are used in such a way that the multilayer film consists of at least two layers which, separated from one another, have at least one of these mixtures with a proportion by weight of 1% to 99%. The lubricant present in the biodegradable and compostable multilayer film may be selected from a group consisting of erucamides and oleamides at a weight ratio of 0.01% to 10% of each other. The predetermined coefficient of friction of the sealing layer on the product side may be in the range of 0.1 to 0.6. The thickness of the biodegradable and compostable multilayer film of the present disclosure may range between 12 pm and 300 pm. In addition, the biodegradable and compostable multilayer film may additionally contain a metal-coated layer having a thickness of between 10 μm and 50 μm, which is coated with the outer layer. In accordance with the present disclosure, the metal of this metal coated layer is aluminum. The number of middle layers disposed between the outer layer and the product-side seal layer may be in the range of 1 to 9.
    Furthermore, a process for the production of the biodegradable and compostable multilayer film is provided. The process of producing the biodegradable and compostable multilayer film of the present disclosure can be selected from at least one of the group consisting of tubular film co-extrusion, extrusion lamination, and hot lamination process.
    In accordance with the process of producing the biodegradable and compostable multilayer film, a product side sealer, an outer layer stripping apparatus, and at least an intermediate layer stripping apparatus are provided to extrude the product side sealant extrudate To extrude extrudate for the outer layer and / or at least one extrudate for the intermediate layer.
    At least one mixture independently of the group of the first mixture, the second mixture, the third mixture, the fourth mixture, the fifth mixture and the sixth mixture is in each of the described extruder for the sealing layer on the product side, the extruder filled for the outer layer and at least one extruder for the intermediate layer. In the extruder of the sealing layer on the product side, at least one lubricant selected from the group consisting of erucamides and oleamides is also introduced.
    An extrudate for the product-side sealing layer, an extrudate for the outer layer, and at least one extrudate for the intermediate layer are obtained by heating said product-side sealing layer extruders, the outer layer extruder, and at least one middle-layer extruder or to a predetermined temperature, wherein the predetermined temperature in the range between 140 ° C and 210 ° C for coextrusion of tubular film and in the range between 130 ° C and 300 ° C for flat film coextrusion.
    These extrudates are selected by at least one die selected from the group consisting of superposed coextrusion dies and pressed into a spiral die to form a biodegradable and compostable multilayer extrudate which is at a temperature in the range of 5 ° C to 40 ° C Is cooled to obtain the biodegradable and compostable multi-layer film of the present publication.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ATTACHED FIGURE
    The present disclosure will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 illustrates a schematic cross-section of a biodegradable and compostable three-ply film of the present disclosure; and Figure 2 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of a biodegradable and compostable film having three plies, showing its constituents.
    LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS OR BZW. letters
    [0040]
    Reference Number / Letter Reference 0 Outer surface layer 1 Intermediate layer S Product side sealing layer 1 First mixture 2 Second mixture 3 Lubricant
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    Polylactic acid is a promising resin used in the preparation of a biodegradable and compostable multilayer film. However, at present, the films made from polylactic acid lack the required layer and mechanical properties for use in packaging tobacco products, as well as for the packaging of pharmaceutical and food products.
    The present publication, therefore, has a biodegradable and compostable multilayer film as a target, which has good film and mechanical properties and unresponsive with tobacco products, drugs and can be packed with the food.
    In accordance with one aspect of the present disclosure, a biodegradable and compostable multilayer film is provided. The biodegradable and compostable multilayer film of the present disclosure may have up to 11 layers / layers.
    The biodegradable and compostable multilayer film of the present disclosure consists of a product side seal layer, an outer surface layer, and at least one intermediate layer disposed between the product side seal layer and the outer surface layer. The sealant layer on the product side may consist of at least one lubricant and may have a predetermined coefficient of friction, so that the adhesion or bond strength of the biodegradable and compostable multilayer film is indestructible and the layers can not be separated under operating conditions.
    In accordance with the present disclosure, each of the layers, the product-side sealant layer, the top layer, and the intermediate layer consists of at least one mixture independently selected from a group consisting of the first mixture of polylactic acid, copolyester 1 4 butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, a second mixture of polylactic acid, co-polyester 1,4 butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, a third mixture of polylactic acid, co-polyester 1,4 butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, a fourth mixture of polylactic acid, Co-polyester 1,4 butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid and a fifth mixture of polylactic acid, co-polyester 1,4 butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid and a sixth
    Mixture of polylactic acid, co-polyester 1,4 butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid in such a way that the multilayer film consists of at least two layers, of which at least one of the aforementioned mixtures with a weight fraction in the range of 1% to 99% first mixture has a melting temperature in the range of 165 ° C to 190 ° C; the second mixture has a melting temperature in the range of 190 ° C to 200 ° C; the third mixture has a melting temperature in the range of 165 ° C to 170 ° C; the fourth mixture has a melting temperature in the range of 180 ° C to 190 ° C; the fifth mixture has a melting temperature in the range of 175 ° C to 195 ° C; and the sixth mixture has a melting temperature in the range of 180 ° C to 200 ° C.
    The blends are selected based on their chemical properties to ensure that both chemical and physical bonding are indestructible. In return, this results in all the layers being united, resulting in a homogeneous and inseparable multilayer film. These blends are also described in terms of their particular peculiarities in material flow, such as melt viscosity, so that the material movements in the hoppers and extruders in particular, under the other equipment, not only uniform and consistent but also the possibility of material separation based on at least some properties such as Material density of the mixture, which represents the mixture allows. It was observed that the best results were obtained when the material density ranged from 1.22 to 1.28 grams per cubic centimeter.
    In addition, the melt strength of these blends is well balanced so that it provides a suitable internal strength to promote and maintain a stable bubble formation, particularly on the tubular film line. This necessitates balancing the recipe based on the melting characteristics of the individual resins in the mixture. The specially designed screws and low pressure molds aim to make the material mix processable. The best results are achieved by an adequate distribution and mixture of low and medium viscosity of the individual resins.
    In accordance with the present disclosure, at least one lubricant present in the product side sealant layer may be selected from the group consisting of erucamides and oleamides. The proportion by weight of at least one lubricant that can be used is in the range of 0.01% to 10% of the product side sealant layer. Due to the presence of at least one lubricant, the sealant layer on the product side provides a coefficient of friction in the range of 0.1 to 0.6.
    The essential function of the sealing layer on the product side is the seal. In a high-quality processing form, the seal layer on the product side consists of three mixtures. In a particular processing form, the three blends present in the product side seal layer may be in the weight ratio of 70:20:10.
    The function of the interlayer layer is to provide mainly structural stability for the biodegradable and compostable multilayer film. It is the backbone of the film. In one variant, the intermediate layer can consist of 100% of the first mixture. In another variant, the intermediate layer of the first mixture and the second mixture in a weight ratio of 90:10% exist. The designed molecular structure of the middle layer controls the migration of the lubricant in such a way that the lubricant remains in the sealing layer on the product side without allowing it to migrate to the outer surface layer and thereby ensuring the desired coefficient of friction in the sealing layer on the product side.
    In accordance with the present disclosure, the number of intermediate layers between the outer surface layer and the product-side sealing layer may range between 1 and 9.
    The function of the outer surface layer is that it is possible to attach it to any other layer (usually paper, aluminum, biaxially stretched polypropylene (BOPP =, PET, metal-coated PET or similar support materials).) In a higher quality version, the outer one Layer of three mixtures In a particular variant, the three mixtures may be present in the outer surface layer in a weight ratio of 70:20:10.
    In accordance with the present disclosure, the thickness of the biodegradable and compostable sweeping layer film may be between 12 pm to 300 pm. In addition, the biodegradable and compostable film of the present disclosure may additionally have a metallic layer with a thickness in the range of from pm to 50 μm, which is laminated over the outer surface layer.
    In accordance with the present disclosure, the metal of the metal coated layer is aluminum. In a high-quality version, the biodegradable and compostable multilayer film has three layers. Figure 1 illustrates a schematic sectional view of a biodegradable and compostable film having three layers of the present publication having a middle layer (intermediate), a seal layer on the product side (S) and an outer surface layer (O = outer). Each layer consists at least of a mixture independently selected from a group of the first mixture of polylactic acid and co-polyester of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, a second mixture of polylactic acid and co-polyester of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, a third mixture of polylactic acid and co-polyester of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, a fourth mixture of polylactic acid and co-polyester of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, a fifth mixture of polylactic acid and co-polyester of 1,4 butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid and a sixth mixture of polylactic acid and copolyester of 1,4 butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid in such a way that the multilayer film consists of at least two layers, each of which independently of one another is at least one the above mixtures in a weight ratio of 1 to 99% enthä lt.
    Figure 2 illustrates a schematic sectional view of a biodegradable and compostable film having an intermediate layer (I), a product side (S) seal layer, and an outer surface layer (O) showing the constituents of each of the layers. where 1 represents the first mixture, 2 represents the second mixture, and 3 represents the lubricant.
    In another component of the present disclosure, a process for the preparation of the biodegradable and compostable multilayer film is available. The biodegradable and compostable multilayer film of the present disclosure can be prepared by at least one process selected from the group consisting of tubular film extrusion, extrusion lamination and hot lamination.
    For the preparation of the biodegradable and compostable multilayer film of the present disclosure, at least one mixture is independently selected from the group of the first mixture of polylactic acid and copolyester of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, a second mixture of polylactic acid and co-polyesters of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, a third mixture of polylactic acid and co-polyester of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, a fourth mixture of polylactic acid and co-polyester of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and Terephthalic acid, a fifth mixture of polylactic acid and co-polyester of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid and a sixth mixture of polylactic acid and copolyester of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid can be used as the resin material Mixture a melting temperature in the range of 165 ° C to 190 ° C; the second mixture has a melting temperature in the range of 190 ° C to 200 ° C; the third mixture has a melting temperature in the range of 165 ° C to 170 ° C; the fourth mixture has a melting temperature in the range of 180 ° C to 190 ° C; the fifth mixture has a melting temperature in the range of 175 ° C to 195 ° C; and the sixth mixture has a melting temperature of 180 ° C to 200 ° C. The amount of mixtures used in such a way that the multilayer film consists of at least two layers, each independently of one another having at least one of the abovementioned mixtures in a proportion by weight of 1% to 99%.
    An extruder for the product-side sealing layer, an extruder for the outer surface layer, and at least one extruder for the intermediate layer may be used for extruding the product-side sealing layer, the outer surface layer, and at least one intermediate layer. At least one mixture, which has been independently selected, of the first mixture, the second mixture, the third mixture, the fourth mixture, the fifth mixture and the sixth mixture is introduced into each of the extruders for the seal layer on the product side, the extruder for the outside one Surface layer and at least one extruder introduced for the intermediate layer. In addition, at least one lubricant selected from the group of erucamides and oleamides is also introduced into the product side sealer extruder. Thereafter, the extruder for the seal layer on the product side, an extruder for the outer surface layer and at least one extruder for the intermediate layer to a predetermined temperature of 140 ° C to 210 ° C for the coextrusion of tubular film and 130 ° C and 300 ° C. for cast films, coextrusion followed by extrusion to obtain an extrudate for the product side sealant, the extrudate for the outer (surface) layer, and at least one extrudate for an intermediate layer from the corresponding extruder. Once extracted, the exudates are pressed through a mold to form a multilayer biodegradable and compostable extrudate. The multilayer extrudates are cooled to a temperature ranging between 5 ° C to 40 ° C to recover the biodegradable and compostable film.
    In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, the tubular film co-extrusion process is utilized for the preparation of the biodegradable and compostable multilayer film.
    In a variant of the tubular film co-extrusion process of the present disclosure, a three-layer biodegradable and compostable film is prepared.
    Co-extrusion is a process in which more than one extruder is used and the number of extruders depends on the number of individual layers present in the multilayer film structure.
    Three separate extruders, a product side seal layer extruder, an outer surface layer extruder, and an intermediate layer extruder are used. The extruders used in the process described in the present application have augers selected from high performance screws (HPS), barrier screws, high performance mixing / shearing screws, and low shear screws. Preferably, the extruders have low shear screws, also referred to as "LT Screws". Since all six blends provide low melt strength resins, it is desirable to use such low shear screws.
    At least one of the first mixture of polylactic acid, a co-polyester of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, a second mixture of polylactic acid and a co-polyester of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, a third mixture of polylactic acid and a co-polyester of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, a fourth mixture of polylactic acid and a co-polyester of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, a fifth mixture of polylactic acid and a copolyester 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and
    Terephthalic acid and a sixth mixture of polylactic acid and a co-polyester of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid can be used as a resin material for preparing the three-layer biodegradable and compostable film.
    In the extruder of the intermediate layer, 100% of the first mixture may be melted and mixed while heating the first extruder to obtain a first melt. In the extruder for the outer surface layer, a mixture of 70 weight percent of the first mixture, 20 weight percent of the second mixture and 10 weight percent of the sixth mixture is mixed and heated upon heating of the second extruder to get the second melt. In the extruder for the product-side sealant layer, a mixture of 70% by weight of the first mixture, 10% by weight of the second mixture, 10% by weight of the third mixture and 10% by weight of the lubricant is mixed and heated upon heating of the third extruder. The third melt is created! The third melt containing the lubricant forms the sealing layer on the product side of the three-layer biodegradable and compostable film. The amount of lubricant used may range between 0.01% and 10% by weight of the product-side sealant layer of the three-ply biodegradable and compostable film. A typical lubricant is erucamide. Other possible lubricants such as oleamides are also envisaged. These first, second and third melts are extruded through the extruder for the intermediate layer, the extruder for the outer surface layer and the extruder for the sealing layer on the product side. This produces the respective extrudates, for example the extrudate of the intermediate layer, the outer surface layer and the extrudate of the sealing layer on the product side.
    The extrudate for the intermediate layer, the outer surface layer extrudate and the product-side sealing layer are coextruded by being pressed by a die to obtain the tubular extrudate for the three-layer biodegradable and compostable tubular film a temperature in the range between 10 ° C to 40 ° C is cooled to obtain a three-layer biodegradable and compostable film. The coextrusion is cofigured in such a way that the interlayer extrudate is laid over the extrudate for the outer surface layer and that the extrudate for the product side sealant overlies the extrudate of the middle layer with the lubricant.
    In accordance with the process of the present invention, the extrudate of the intermediate layer, the extrudate of the outer surface layer, and the extrudate are pressed on the product-side sealing layer by at least one mold consisting of the stacked form and a spiral shape.
    In a second variant of the tubular film coextrusion process of the present disclosure, a biodegradable and compostable film having five layers / layers is prepared.
    In addition to the extruder of the product-side sealing layer and the extruder of the outer surface, three extruders for the liners are used as extruders for the first intermediate layer, extruders for the second intermediate layer, extruders for the third intermediate layer. In the first interlayer extruder, the second interlayer extruder, the third interlayer extruder, 100% of the fourth mixture may be separately mixed and heated to obtain a first melt, a second melt, and a third melt, respectively. In the extruder of the outer surface layer, a mixture of 70 weight percent of the fourth mixture, 20 weight percent of the second mixture and 10 percent of the sixth mixture is blended and heated. Result is the fourth melt. In the extruder for the product-side sealant layer, a mixture of 70 wt% of the fourth mixture, 10 wt% of the second mixture, 10 wt% of the third mixture, and 10 wt% of the lubricant is mixed and heated. The fifth melt is created. This fifth melt contains the lubricant that forms the sealant layer on the product side of the five-layer biodegradable and compostable film. The lubricant is taken in amounts such that the amount of lubricant can range from 0.01% to 10% by weight of the product-side sealant layer of the five-pack biodegradable and compostable film. A typical lubricant is erucamide. Other possible lubricants such as Oieamide are also conceivable. The first melt, the second melt and the third melt are extruded through the extruder of the first intermediate layer, the extruder of the second intermediate layer, the extruder of the third intermediate layer. This means the formation of the extrudate of the first intermediate layer, the extrudate of the second intermediate layer, the extrudate of the third intermediate layer. The remaining fourth and fifth melts are extruded separately by the extruders for the outer surface layer and the extruder for the seal layer on the product side. The extrudates of the outer surface layer and the sealing layer on the product side are formed separately from one another. These extrudates are then eo-extruded (ie recombined and extruded) by passing through a mold to obtain the five-layer biodegradable and compostable extrudate. The coextrusion is arranged in such a manner that the extrudate for the first intermediate layer is placed over the extrudate of the seal layer on the product side, the extrudate of the second middle layer is laid over the extrudate of the first middle layer, the extrudate of the third middle layer is over the extrudate of the second intermediate layer is laid and the extrudate for the outer surface layer is laid over the extrudate of the third intermediate layer, yielding a tubular five-layer extrudate which is biodegradable and compostable, it contains the fifth melt containing the lubricant and the sealant layer on the product side forms and the fourth melt containing the outer surface layer. The intermediate layer of the tubular extrudate consists of three layers: the extrudate of the first intermediate layer, the extrudate of the second intermediate layer and the extrudate of the third intermediate layer of the first melt, the second melt and the third melt.
    Usually, the tubular extrudate is extruded upwards. Nevertheless, horizontal or downward extrusion may be used to prepare the biodegradable and compostable multilayer film.
    In the up-flow extrusion method, cold filtered air is blown from below through the center of the mold and supplemented with cold air blown down and onto the lower side of the tubular film using a two-lip air cooling ring.
    The cold, filtered air from the center inflates the multilayer tubular extrudate and causes it to expand and form a bladder. It is important that the cold air is filtered before it is introduced to inflate the tubular, multi-layered extrudate because particulate matter in the air could contaminate the bubble with granules. It could also happen that the lower melt strength of the multilayer film is pulled away. By regulating the pressure of the cold, filtered air, the size of the bladder, and thus also the thickness into which the multilayer film is placed, the film is controlled. The temperature of the cold air injected from the center can be in the range of 80 C to 20 ° C. The temperature of the cold air, through the two-lipped cooling air ring can be in the range of ° C to 40 ° C, which is adjusted depending on the ambient temperature conditions. The two-lipped cooling air ring is an indispensable part of the tubular film co-extrusion process of the present publication because the process contains melt processing resins that have a low melt strength. The use of a two-lipped cooling air ring is to ensure low pressure, high intensity air flow for increasing the cooling efficiency and dimensional stability of the bladder as well as the optical properties of the multilayer film.
    Moreover, the enlarging bubble upon cooling releases waxy resin material from the substantial inner side of the bubble. These particles could fall off and settle on the inside of the nozzle and also contaminate the inside surface of the bubble. To ensure that the waxy particulate material is effectively removed, there is a special wax collector placed in the center of the nozzle directly above the cold air inlet and the air system. In one variant, the wax collector may be in the form of a cylindrical drum with a special filter in the center of the nozzle directly above the cold air inlet and the air system. The central cold air circulation leads to the process of condensation and suction, which results in the waxy particle particles as a result that they are deposited on the wax collector. Other possible means of removing the resulting waxy resinous material are also contemplated.
    The biaxial tensile behavior of the blown film bubble is important to achieve uniformity in the properties of the resulting multilayer film. Blowing cold air causes bubble diameter to increase until it reaches the maximum or optimized value. At this point, the cooled film is stretched primarily in the transverse direction.
    The cooled film maintains the transverse orientation which has been achieved because it opposes the relaxation of the polymer resins arranged in the transverse direction. The transversely stretched bubble is also guided upwards by nip rolls with the help of guide rollers. In the squeeze rolls, the bladder is flattened to obtain a flat, multi-layered film. Due to the pulling force of the squeezing rollers, the growing bubble undergoes stretching in the machine direction. Care must be taken to ensure that the growing bubble is adequately and well cooled enough to maintain the transverse orientation before being stretched in the machine direction. This biaxial drawing ensures the uniform thickness of the final multilayer film.
    The biaxially stretched flat tubular multilayer film may then be passed through a series of polygonal flattening machines to form a bidirectionally flat, flat tubular film. The multi-angle flattening devices are arranged to overcome any variance in thickness across the width of the biaxially stretched flattened multilayer tubular film. The flattening devices are useful in avoiding shrinkage defects or folding defects that occur in the film. The bidirectionally flat, multi-ply tubular film stretched in two directions can then be passed through a random-scan rotary film removal system. The flattened multilayer tubular film obtained from the Wide Random Control System is slit open, unfolded, and further cut into the proper widths according to the requirement. The slit, open film is the biodegradable and compostable multilayer film of the present disclosure.
    As a result, the flattened multilayer tubular film results in a set of two multilayer films which are separately peeled off with the use of stripping rollers and finally rolled up on a spool with the side having the lubricants on the inside.
    The spool may be a low tightening tension winch, called a gap spool to keep the film from tearing off during spooling. Conventional contact or top coils spoil the quality of the film when used to wind a biodegradable and compostable low-melt multilayer film and are therefore not used in the present publication.
    As a variant of the tubular film coextrusion process of the present disclosure, a metallized layer is laminated over the outer surface layer of the biodegradable and compostable multilayer film.
    In another variant, the thickness of the metallized layer is from 10 gm to 50 gm. In a particular embodiment, the metallic layer consists of an endless aluminum foil.
    In another variant of the tubular film coextrusion process of the present application, a paper layer is laminated over the outer surface layer and the seal layer on the release side of the biodegradable and compostable multilayer film of the present application. In another variant, the grammage of the paper layer is in the range of 10 gsm to 100 gsm.
    The thickness of the multilayer film provided by the tubular film coextrusion process of the present disclosure may range from 12 gm to 300 gm.
    In accordance with another variant of the process of the present disclosure, the flat film coextrusion process is disclosed for preparing the biodegradable and compostable multilayer film.
    At least one of the first mixture of polylactic acid and a co-polyester (polyester mixture) of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, a second mixture of polylactic acid and a co-polyester (polyester mixture) of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, a third mixture of polylactic acid and a co-polyester (polyester mixture) of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, a fourth mixture of polylactic acid and a co-polyester (polyester mixture) of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid , a fifth mixture of polylactic acid and a co-polyester (polyester mixture) of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid and a sixth mixture of polylactic acid and a co-polyester (polyester mixture) of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid can be used are used as resin material for the production of the biodegradable and compostable multilayer film of the vorl publication.
    Similar to the tubular film coextrusion process of the present disclosure, the cast film coextrusion process of the present disclosure may also utilize a coextrusion technique with a number of extruders to provide a multilayer cast film coextrusion process for a multilayer film with a cast film extrudate. One side of the multilayer film extrudate contains the lubricant. The extruders used in the process of the present publication have selected high performance screws from barrier screws, high shear mixing vials, and low shear screws. Preferably, the extruders have low shear screws, also referred to as "LT Screws".
    The extrudate of the multilayer film, which is obtained from the cast film co-extrusion process is cooled over a large polished metal roll, which is maintained in a temperature range of 5 ° C to 40 ° C, depending on the ambient temperatures. After cooling, the extrudate of the multilayer film may be further passed over one or more auxiliary cooling rolls to obtain the multilayer film of the present disclosure, after which the multilayer film is pulled using some "haul-off" rolls and spooled with a spool less Friction. This is called a spacer coil. The multilayer film is wound in such a manner that the side containing the lubricant is on the inside.
    In accordance with the embodiment of the cast film coextrusion process of the present disclosure, the multilayer film is a three layer film that is biodegradable and compostable.
    In accordance with another variant of the cast film coextrusion process of the present disclosure, the multilayer film is a biodegradable and compostable film having five layers. The thickness of the multilayer film produced by the cast film coextrusion process of the present disclosure is in the range of 12 pm to 300 pm.
    In a variant of the present disclosure, a metallized layer is laminated over the outer surface layer of the five-layered film formed by the process of cast film co-extrusion. In a particular variant, the metallized layer consists of an endless aluminum foil. In another variant, the metallized layer may have a thickness of 6 pm to 50 pm.
    In another illustration of the current publication, a paper layer is applied over the outer (surface) layer and the product-side sealing layer of the five-ply film prepared by the CO extrusion lamination process. In another variant, the grammage of the paper layer may range from 10 grams per square meter to 100 grams per square meter.
    The biodegradable and compostable multilayer film of the current publication is suitable for use as a packaging material for tobacco products and as a packaging material for the pharmaceutical and food industry. In a typical processed food factory, a tubular bag filling machine is used for a continuous filling and sealing between packages. The tubular bag filling machine can be vertical, inclined or horizontal. The tubular bag filling machine generally has a capacity in the range of 10 to 3000 packages per minute.
    The metal-coated layer or paper layer which is added to the multilayer film of the present publication can be easily peeled off and recycled. The multilayer film of the current publication can be composted. The multilayer film of the current publication can be composted within 90 days. This makes the multi-ply film of the current publication environmentally friendly because all of its components can either be composted or recycled.
    The present disclosure is further described in the light of the following experiments, which are set forth for illustration only and are not to be interpreted as limiting the disclosure.
    The following experiments can be scaled up to an industrial / economically reasonable level and the results obtained can be extrapolated to an industrial scale.
    experiments:
    Experiment 1: Preparation of biodegradable and compostable multilayer film in accordance with the present disclosure A biodegradable and compostable multilayer film, Fo-lie-1, having a thickness of 24 microns and a width of 870 mm was prepared.
    Blends containing polylactic acid and a co-polyester of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid were used as the resin material. For the melt for mixing these mixtures, an extruder for the sealing layer on the product side, an extruder for the outer (surface) layer and an extruder for the intermediate layer were used. In the extruder for the intermediate layer, a first mixture was melted and blended at a temperature of 187 ° C to obtain a first melt. In the extruder for the outer (surface) layer, the blends were blended melted at a temperature of 197 ° C to obtain a second melt. In the product-side sealing layer extruder, a mixture is blended together with erucamide as a lubricant and melted at a temperature of 197 ° C to obtain a third melt. The first, second and third melts were separately extruded to obtain an extrudate for the intermediate layer, an extrudate for the outer (surface) layer and an extrudate for the seal layer on the product side, respectively. These extrudates were then pressed through a cup-shaped stacked mold in such a manner that the extrudate for the middle layer was passed over the extrudate for the seal layer on the product side and the extrudate for the outer (surface) layer over the extrudate for the Intermediate layer laid. The result is an extrudate for a multilayer film with the third melt consisting of the lubricant which forms the sealing layer on the product side and the second melt which forms the outer surface layer. The first melt forms the intermediate layer of the extrudate of the multilayer film.
    The extrudate of the multilayer film was then cooled down to a temperature of 255 ° C to obtain a biodegradable and compostable multilayer film.
    In addition, another biodegradable and compostable multilayer film, film-2, having a thickness of 15 microns and a width of 870 mm, was fabricated using the same procedures and equipment as described above. These biodegradable and compostable films, film-1 and film-2 were then tested for their film and mechanical properties and the data thus obtained are listed in Table 1 below.
    Table 1: Films and mechanical properties of the biodegradable and compostable film-1 and film-2:
    MD: Machine directlon = working machine; TD: Transversal direction = transverse direction; C.O.F. From the above data, it is clear that the biodegradable and compostable multilayer film has distinct film and mechanical properties making it suitable / workable for other uses such as packaging of tobacco products, foods and pharmaceutical products / articles.
    Experiment 2:
    Experiment 2a: Preparation of the three-layer biodegradable and compostable film in accordance with the present disclosure A three-layer biodegradable and compostable film was prepared. A first, second and third mixture consisting of lactic acid and a co-polyester of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid was used as the resin material. Three different extruders, an extruder for the product side seal layer, an extruder for the outer (surface) layer and an extruder for the intermediate layer were used for mixing the melt of the mixtures: 100% of the first mixture was melted at a temperature of 187 ° C to get a first melt. In the extruder for the outer (surface) layer, 70% of the first mixture, 20% of the second mixture and 10% of the third mixture were melted blended at a temperature of 197 ° C to obtain a second melt.
    In the extruder for the product side sealing layer, 97.5% of the first mixture and 2.50% of erucamide mixed as a lubricant were melted at a temperature of 197 ° C to obtain a third melt. The first, second and third melts were separately extruded in their respective extruders to give an intermediate layer extrudate, an outer (extrudate) layer extrudate and an extrudate for the product side seal layer. These extrudates were then pressed through a coextrusion die Gorm stacked one above the other. The coextrusion was placed in a lawn so that the extrudate of the intermediate layer was placed over the extrudate of the sealant layer on the product side. The outer surface layer extrudate was placed over the extrudate of the intermediate layer resulting in an extrudate for a three-layer film with the third melt consisting of the lubricant which forms the seal layer on the product side and the second melt which forms the outer (surface) layer. Layer forms. The first melt forms the interlayer of the extrudate for the three-ply film.
    The extrudate of the three-ply film was then cooled to a temperature in the range of 8 ° C to 40 ° C to obtain a three-ply biodegradable and compostable film.
    Experiment 2b: Mechanical properties and film properties of the three-layer biodegradable and compostable film The three-layer biodegradable and compostable film was tested as received for mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation. In addition, the friction coefficient of the sealing layer on the product side was also tested. Each test was repeated five times to get more accurate results. The results thereof are listed in Table 2 below.
    Table 2: Film properties of the three-layer biodegradable and compostable film
    C.O.F. = coefficient of friction = Coefficient of friction It can be seen from Table 2 that the static and kinetic average friction coefficient (foil / m) of the product-side sealant layer of the three-layer biodegradable and compostable film was 0.306 and 0.192, respectively. Similarly, the average static and kinetic coefficient of friction (film / film) was 0.134 and 0.12, respectively. These values suggest that the three-ply film of the present publication offers a friction that makes it suitable for packaging. In addition, such coefficients of friction are desirable to improve the processing and winding properties of the film during manufacture and use, and to avoid blocking during storage. The heat seal strength of the three ply film is also consistent with well suited packaging for tobacco products with raw tobacco and as packaging material in the pharmaceutical and food industries.
    Table 3: Mechanical properties of the three-layer biodegradable and compostable film
    MD: Machine directions working direction of the machine; TD: Transversal Direction = Transverse Direction From the mechanical properties provided in Table 3, it becomes apparent that the tensile strength and the force required for the elongation of the film upon stretching or the breaking upon elongation are very similar with the packaging and storage of raw tobacco products and as packaging material for the pharmaceutical and food industries.
    Experiments 3 to 6: Mechanical Properties and Film Properties of Multilayer Biodegradable and Compostable Films In addition, Experiments 3 to 6 were conducted using the same experimental procedure as used for Experiment 2a to prepare the three-layer biodegradable and compostable film , Four different films were prepared and tested for film properties. Each test was repeated five times and the average results of the parameters are listed in Table 4 below.
    Table 4: Film properties of the three-layer biodegradable and compostable films
    C.O.F. In addition, the mechanical properties of these three-layer biodegradable and compostable multilayer films obtained from Experiments 3 to 6 were tested and the data thus obtained were listed in Table 5 below.
    Table 5: Mechanical properties of the biodegradable and compostable film with three layers / layers
    MD: Machine direction = working direction of the machine; TD: Transversal direction = transverse direction As seen from the data of Table 4 and Table 5, the improvement of the mechanical properties as well as the film properties of the biodegradable and compostable film with three layers are obtained from Experiments 3 to 6 in comparison to the biodegradable and compostable film of Experiment 2b. Therefore, the multilayer films of the current publication show distinct film and mechanical properties which make them suitable for the packaging and storage of tobacco products with raw tobacco and also as packaging material in the pharmaceutical and food industries.
    TECHNICAL PROGRESS
    The publication described herein further has several technical advantages including, but not limited to, the realization of a biodegradable and compostable multilayer film which is useful as a packaging material for tobacco products; and as packaging material for the food industry: and [0110] does not react with the contents of the package.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    [0111] Throughout this spécification the word "comprising", or variations such as "comprising" or "comprising", wants to be understood to include the inclusion of a stated element, integer or step, or group of enlements, integers or steps, but not the exclusion of any other element, integer or step, or group of enlements, integers or steps. [0112] The use of the term "at least" or "at least one" suggests the use of one or more elements or ingredients or amounts, because the use in the embodiment of the invention is to achieve one or more of the desired ends or results to reach. While certain embodiments of the inventions have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example only and are not intended to limit the scope of the inventions. Variations or changes in the formulation of this invention, within the scope of the invention, may occur to those skilled in the art of viewing the publication. Such modifications or changes are well within the scope of the invention. The numerical values given for various physical parameters, dimensions, and quantities are approximate only, and it is intended that the values be greater than numerical values, physical parameters, While a significant accent herein has been placed on the particular characteristics of a preferred embodiment, it is appreciated that many additional features are added and that Many changes in the preferred embodiment may be made without departing from the principles of this publication. These and the other changes in these publications will be obvious to those who are trained in the art of deriving from the publication, it being understood that the foregoing descriptive facts are to be interpreted as illustrative of the publication rather than limitation. claims
    1. A biodegradable and compostable multilayer film consisting of: A sealant layer on the product side: Consisting of at least one lubricant; and with a predetermined coefficient of friction; an outer (surface) layer; and at least one middle layer disposed between said product-side sealing layer and said outer (surface) layer described; wherein, each of the described sealing layers on the product side described at least 1 middle layer consisting of at least one mixture which is independently selected from the group consisting of: a first mixture of polylactic acid and a co-poly-ester of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid having a melting temperature in the range of 165 ° C to 190 ° C; a second mixture of polylactic acid and a co-Po-lyester of 1,4 butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid having a melting temperature in. Range from 190 ° C to 200 ° C; a third mixture of polylactic acid and a co-poly-ester of 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid having a melting temperature in the range of 165 ° C to 170 ° C; a fourth mixture of polylactic acid and a co-poly-ester of 1,4 butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid having a melting temperature in the range of 180 ° C to 190 ° C; a fifth mixture of polylactic acid and a co-polyester of 1,4 butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid having a melting temperature ranging from 175 ° C to 195 ° C; and a sixth mixture of polylactic acid and a co-polyester of 1,4 butanediol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid having a melting temperature in the range of 180 ° C to 200 ° C, in a manner such that the described biodegradable and compostable multilayer film at least two layers, each of which independently has one of the mixtures in the proportion by weight in the range of 1% to 99%.
    [2]
    The biodegradable and compostable multilayer film as claimed in claim 1, wherein said lubricant is selected from the group consisting of erucamides and oleamides.
    [3]
    The biodegradable and compostable multilayer film as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of the described at least one lubricant in the described seal layer on the product side has a weight proportion between 0.01% and 10%.
    [4]
    The biodegradable and compostable multilayer film as claimed in claim, wherein said predetermined coefficient of friction of said product side seal layer is in the range of 0.1 to 0.6.
    [5]
    5. The biodegradable and compostable multilayer film as claimed in claim 1 has a thickness in the range of 12 pm to 300 pm.
    [6]
    6. The biodegradable and compostable multilayer film as claimed in claim 1 additionally consists of a metallized layer having a thickness in the range of 10 to 50 μm which is laminated over the described outer surface layer.
    [7]
    The biodegradable and compostable multilayer film as claimed in claim 6, wherein the metal of said metallized layer is aluminum.
    [8]
    The biodegradable and compostable multilayer film as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the described middle layers lying between the described outer (surface) layer and said seal side on the product side is two.
    [9]
    The biodegradable and compostable multilayer film as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of said middle layers interposed between that of the described outer (surface) layer and said seal layer is three.
    [10]
    A process for the preparation of the described biodegradable and compostable multilayer film as claimed in claim 1, wherein said process selects at least one of the group consisting of tubular film co-extrusion, co-extrusion lamination and hot lamination.
    [11]
    A process for the preparation of the described biodegradable and compostable multilayer film as claimed in claim 1, said process consisting of: - Requirements An extruder for the seal layer on the product side for extruding the described seal layer on the product side; An extruder for the outer (surface) layer for extruding the described outer (surface) layer; and at least one extruder for the intermediate layer for extruding at least one intermediate / middle layer; Filling of at least one mixture independently selected from the described first mixture, second mixture, third mixture, fourth mixture, fifth mixture and sixth mixture by each of the described extruders for the sealing layer on the product side, extruder for the described outer (surface) layer and at least one described extruder for the intermediate layer; Wherein, the described at least one lubricant selected from the group consisting of erucaides and Olea-miden is also filled in the described extruder for the sealing layer on the product side, - heating the described extruder for the sealing layer on the product side, the described extruder for the outer (surfaces Layer) and the described (at least one) extruder for the intermediate layer to a predetermined temperature and extruding an extrudate for the sealing layer on the product side, an extrudate for the outer (surface layer and at least one extrudate for the intermediate layer or and thus To allow the described extrudate for the product side sealant layer, the outer surface layer extrudate, and at least one interlayer extrudate to pass through a mold to form an extrudate for the multilayer biodegradable and compostable material to get it extrudate; and the; - Cooling down the described extrudate for a multilayer biodegradable and compostable extrudate to a temperature in the range of 5 ° C to 40 ° C to achieve the described biodegradable and compostable multilayer film.
    [12]
    The process as claimed in claim 11, wherein the described predetermined temperature is in the range of 140 ° C to 210 ° C for the tubular films coextrusion.
    [13]
    The process as claimed in claim 11, wherein the described predetermined temperature is in the range of 130 ° C to 300 ° C for the co-extrusion lamination.
    [14]
    14. The process as claimed in claim 11, wherein the described shape is at least one selected from the group consisting of the coextrusion superimposed form and the spiral shape.
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    IN201621017682|2016-05-23|
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